Modal Verbs: Might have/must have/should have (speculation, criticism) - Английский язык с Марией Батхан.
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Modal Verbs: Might have/must have/should have (speculation, criticism)

Modal Verbs: Might have/must have/should have (speculation, criticism)

 

You shouldn’t have eaten so much on holidays…

 

Каждый из нас хоть раз сталкивался с такой мыслью.

Как же правильно выразить на английском критику или сожаление о чём-то?

Сейчас узнаем!

 

Нам снова помогут модальные глаголы: must, may, might, can’t, could и should.

 

Must + have + past participle

с помощью этой конструкции мы выражаем умозаключение о чем-то, что могло произойти. Чаще всего можно перевести это как «должно быть»:

 

I haven’t seen him in our office building for a while. He must have changed his place of work.

 

She must have lost her mind if she thinks that I will talk to her.

 

- Hello! Can I speak to Mrs. Hurries?

- You must have dialed the wrong number. There is no one here by that name.

 

Can’t + have + past participle

с помощью этой конструкции мы говорим о чём-то, что не могло произойти в прошлом, и при этом основываемся на фактах в настоящем:

 

She is such a nice girl. She can’t have done this.

 

We have been friends for so many years. He can’t have betrayed me like that.

 

I checked everything twice while we were packing the things. We can’t have left our passports at home.

 

Could + have + past participle

с помощью этой конструкции мы говорим о чем-то, что мы могли сделать, но не сделали. Мы также можем использовать could + have + past participle для критики либо для умозаключений о том, что что-то могло произойти:

 

He almost froze to death waiting for a bus, though he could have called a taxi.

 

They could have said that they wouldn’t want to join us for dinner.

 

We could have stayed there a little longer but we had spent all the money.

 

Should + have + past participle

с помощью этой конструкции мы говорим о том, что нам следовало сделать, но мы этого не сделали:

 

- My landlord is throwing me out.

- Well, you should have paid your bills on time.

 

I don’t know what to do. I should have been there an hour ago.

 

She should have worked harder if she wanted to pass her exams successfully.

 

Shouldn’t + have + past participle

с помощью этой конструкции мы говорим о том, что нам не следовало делать, но мы это сделали:

 

It shouldn’t have happened like that. If only I had answered her calls, she wouldn’t be hospitalised now.

 

You shouldn’t have called them today. Please, do it next week.

 

I shouldn’t have spent so much time playing computer games. My eyes are red.

 

May + have + past participle

с помощью этой конструкции мы передаём вероятность, что что-то могло произойти:

 

You may have noticed that we have painted the living room beige.

 

- You may have heard the news. My son is getting married.

- That’s great! Congrats!

 

- I think he may just have been inattentive. Let’s give him a second chance.

 

Might + have + past participle

с помощью этой конструкции мы передаём вероятность какого-то события в прошлом:

 

- Do you know what’s in these boxes?

- I think they are full of leaflets. The courier might have brought them yesterday.

 

Let’s visit granny this Sunday. She might have got better already.

 

- Have you seen that his leg is in the cast?

- He might have broken it at the ice rink.

 

You can’t have predicted that verbs are so important in the English language, can you?